Guide to Yash Shorthand

This site uses a keyboard friendly phonetic version of English. It can be typed much more quickly than English so it could be considered a machine shorthand.

The substitutions are based on the CMU phonetic transcription (wiki link below). For each vowel, the phonetic IPA transcription is given, the lexical set term and an alternate version that includes a diacritic (accent) to assist reading. Diacritics are optional and not intended to be used when typing.

Short vowels are not written.

a /aɪ/ PRICE – ä e /eɪ/ FACE – é i /i/ FLEECE – í o /o/ GOAT – ó u /u/ GOOSE – ú

Some additional vowels are discussed later.

The consonants b, d, f, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t are used exactly as expected in standard English spelling.

Where “c” would be written in an English spelling, it must be written as [k] or [s] depending on the sound. The digraph [ch] is discussed in the next section. The letter [c] is used for the sound in “sh” in “shake” or the “ch” in “chef”.

c /ʃ/

Where “j” would be written in English spelling, it remains but it is also used for other spellings of the same sound (for example, “dge” in “badge”) or where “ch” is an affricate (e.g., “chief” but not “chef”).

j /dʒ/ or /tʃ/

Where “ing” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [q]. Phonetically, where “qu” is written in English it is transcribed as /kw/ but in this system it will become [kv] as explained below.

q /ŋ/

Where “w” is used as a consonant it is replaced with [v]. For example, “wh” but not “ow”.

v /w/

The letter “w” is used to replace any of these combinations:

w /rt/, /rd/, /lt/, /ld/ or /td/

Note that this substitution ignores short vowels. For example [w] could represent “rid” but not “road” (ród). This substitution also occurs in larger words, for example: “let” becomes “w” and “letter” becomes “wr”.

Phonetically, where “x” is written in English it is transcribed as /ks/. Where “nt” or “nd” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [x]. A single x replaces both “not” and “and”.

x /nt/ or /nd/

Where “th” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [y].

y /θ/ or /ð/

Where “y” would be written as a consonant in English spelling, it is replaced with [i] or it may be written as [ǐ]. If it precedes a /u/, i.e. /ju/, then it is written as [u] or [ǔ].

i /j/ u /ju/ CURIOUS – ǔ

Where “oy” or “oi” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [o] or it may be written as [ö].

o /ɔɪ/ CHOICE – ö

The vowel written as “ou” in “mouth”, “ow” in “sow” or “ough” in “bough” should be printed as [·] or typed as [.] on a keyboard.

. /aʊ/ MOUTH – ·

Where “z” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [s]. Where “st” would be written in English spelling, it is replaced with [z].

z /st/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMU_Pronouncing_Dictionary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_set

Summary

a /aɪ/ e /eɪ/ i /i/j/ o /o/ɔɪ/ u /u/ju/ · /aʊ/

c /ʃ/ j /tʃ/dʒ/ q /ŋ/ v /w/v/ w /lt/ld/rt/rd/td/ x /nt/nd/ y /θ/ð/ z /st/

a /aɪ/ b /b/ c /ʃ/ d /d/ e /eɪ/ f /f/ g /g/ h /h/ i /i/j/ j /tʃ/dʒ/ k /k/ l /l/ m /m/ n /n/ o /o/ɔɪ/ p /p/ q /ŋ/ r /r/ s /s/ t /t/ u /u/ju/ x /nd/nt/ y /θ/ð/ w /lt/ld/rt/rd/td/ z /st/ · /aʊ/